Microbiological reasoning of the formation and development of vulvovaginal candidiasis

Authors

  • N. D. Yakovychuk Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,
  • S. Ye. Dejneka Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,
  • L. I. Sydorchuk Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,
  • D. V. Rotar Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,
  • I. Y. Sydorchuk Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,
  • V. B. Popovych Bukovinian state medical university, Chernivtsi, Ukraine,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2017.4.105097

Keywords:

candidiasis vulvovaginal, Candida, lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, propianibacterium

Abstract

Aim. To conduct microbiological reasoning of the formation and development of vulvovaginal candidiasis. To study taxonomic composition and major microbiota and yeast-like fungi of genus Candida and their changes in vulvovaginal content of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Materials and methods. Vaginal content of 472 women (19–34 years old) with vulvovaginitis was examined. Bacteriological and mycological methods were used. Isolation of yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida was done by seeding of investigated appropriate dilutions of the material on solid nutrient Saburo medium. Species identification was carried out by microscopic, cultural properties and by enzymatic activity. Lactobacillus were isolated and grown on MRS-agar, Bifidobacterium – on modified Blaurock medium, propionic acid bacteria – yeast-serum medium. Analytical parameters characterizing the state of the microbiota of microecological biotope were defined by the commonly accepted methods.

Results. The study of taxonomic composition of main microbiota of vulvovaginal content revealed that in the vulvovaginal candidiasis there is expressed deficiency of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and elimination of bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium, which form the physiological basis of indigeneous protective microbiota of the biotope. It was established that C. albicans is most common (constant) in the vulvovaginal content of women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (constancy index is 76.67 %). C. zeylanoides belongs to species that are rare in vulvovaginal content, and other species of yeasts-like fungi of genus Candida (C. glabrata, C. inconspiсua, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii and C. kefyr) – the species that are rare (constancy index ranges from 1.11 to 6.30 %).

Conclusions. The essential changes in the taxonomic composition of the main microbiota of vulvovaginal main content (lactobacteria, bifidobacteria and propionic acid bacteria) create the preconditions for growth and reproduction of yeast-like fungi Candida that leads to their persistence in the biotope with the subsequent pathogenic effects on the formation of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

References

Gamaletsou, M. N., Drogari-Apiranthitou, M., Denning, D. W., & Sipsas, N. V. (2016). An estimate of the burden of serious fungal diseases in Greece. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 35(7), 1115–1120, doi: 10.1007/s10096-016-2642-8.

Cassone, A., & Sobel, J. D. (2016). Experimental Models of Vaginal Candidiasis and Their Relevance to Human Candidiasis. Infect. Immun., 84(5), 1255–1261, doi: 10.1128/IAI.01544-15.

Theill, L., Dudiuk, C., Morano, S., Gamarra, S., Nardin, M. E., Méndez, E., & Garcia-Effron, G. (2016). Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans and its related species Candida dubliniensis and Candida africana isolated from vulvovaginal samples in a hospital of Argentina. Rev. Argent. Microbiol., 48(1), 43–49. doi: 10.1016/j.ram.2015.10.003.

Sobel, J. D. (2016). Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Am. J. Obstet Gynecol., 214(1), 15–21. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2015.06.067.

Wang, F. J., Zhang, D., Liu, Z. H., Wu, W. X., Bai, H. H., & Dong, H.Y. (2016). Species Distribution and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility of Vulvovaginal Candida Isolates in China. Chin. Med. J., 129(10), 1161–1165. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.181964.

Fornari, G., Vicente, V. A., Gomes, R. R., Muro, M. D., Pinheiro, R. L., Ferrari, C., et al. (2016). Susceptibility and molecular characterization of Candida species from patients with vulvovaginitis. Braz. J. Microbiol., 47(2), 373–380. doi: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.01.005.

Gonçalves, B., Ferreira, C., Alves, C. T., Henriques, M., Azeredo, J., & Silva S. (2016). Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors. Crit. Rev. Microbiol., 42(6), 905–927. doi: 10.3109/1040841X.2015.1091805.

Downloads

How to Cite

1.
Yakovychuk ND, Dejneka SY, Sydorchuk LI, Rotar DV, Sydorchuk IY, Popovych VB. Microbiological reasoning of the formation and development of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Zaporozhye Medical Journal [Internet]. 2017Jul.3 [cited 2024Dec.28];(4). Available from: http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/105097

Issue

No. 4 (2017)

Section

Original research

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.  Лицензия Creative Commons
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)