The changes of heart rate variability indices reactivity in response to controlled breathing during the general endurance training
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2018.1.121882Keywords:
breathing, heart rate, athletes, physical enduranceAbstract
The aim: to determine the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) indices during spontaneous and controlled breathing of qualified athletes who were engaged in physical activity aimed at endurance development for a long period of time.
Materials and Methods. We examined 28 highly qualified male athletes aged 20.2 ± 0.7, who were engaged in various sports. 30 trainings with the focus on the general endurance development were conducted during 7 weeks. Parameters of HRV during spontaneous breathing (SB) and controlled breathing 6 (CB6) and controlled breathing 15 (CB15) times per minute were surveyed. A medical examination of athletes took place in the morning hours, fasting and using spiroarteriocardiorythmography (SACR).
Results: The changes in HRV during controlled breathing were caused by respiratory frequency and rhythm. However, reaction of the HRV indices was significantly different and showed, as a rule, the possibility of appropriate regulatory mechanisms initiation. Heart rate variability indices did not differ from each other before and after training during CB6. The increase in endurance was displayed in response of HF (ms2) – HRV that SB was not practically influenced by controlled breathing. That differed them from the data at the beginning of training where there was significant decrease in HF (ms2) to 967.2 (479.6; 2540.2) during CB15 in comparison with SB (2035.7 (75.3; 6037.3)) and CB6 (2560.9 (1361.6; 5098.0)) (P < 0.05). There was significant decrease in LF/HF (р < 0.01) during CB15 in response to increase in endurance.
Conclusions. The use of CB tests in athletes who developed their endurance allowed us to determine that an increase in the latter was reflected in the HRV indices reaction on CB15, which was characterized by pronounced increase in HF and decrease in LF/HF. During CB6, the peculiarities of the HRV indices reaction in case of endurance increasing have not been found.
References
Pankova, N. B. (2013). Ocenka sostoyaniya serdechno-sosudistoj sistemy zdorovogo cheloveka [Assessment of the state of thecardiovascularsystem of ahealthyperson]. Lambert Academic Publishing. [in Russian].
Daneen, H. A. M., Lamberts, R. P., Kallen, V. L., Jin, A., & Van Meeteren, N. L. U. (2012) A Systematic Review on Heart-Rate Recoveryto Monitor Changesin Training Status in Athletes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 7(3), 251–260. doi: org/10.1123/ljspp.7.3.251
Mikhalyuk, Ye. L., Didenko, M. V., & Malakhova, S. N. (2016). Vplyv tsilorichnykh trenuvan na stan sertsevo-sudynnoi, avtonomnoi nervovoi systemy ta fizychnoi pratsezdatnosti u zhinok-bihuniv na 400metriv [Influence of yearlong training on the state of cardiovascular, autonomic nervous system and physical performance in female 400 meters runners]. Pathologia, 1(36), 54–60. doi:10/14739/2310-1237.2016/1/71189.
Romanchuk, A. P., Noskin, L. А., Pivovarov, V. V., & Karganov, М. Yu. (2011). Kompleksnyj podkhod k diagnostike sostoyaniya kardiorespiratornoj sistemy u sportsmenov [Complex approachto the diagnosis of the cardiorespiratory system in athletes]. Odessa: Feniks. [in Russian].
Carter, J. B., Banister, E. W., & Blaber, A. P. (2003). Effect of endurance exercise on autonomic control of heart rate. SportsMed., 33(1), 33–46. doi: 10.2165/00007256-200333010-00003.
Romanchuk, A. P. (2013). Ocenka reaktivnosti serdecho-sosudistoj sistemy sportsmenov pri ispol'zovanii testov s reguliruemym dykhaniem [Estimation of cardiovascular system reactance of sportsmen at use of tests with controlled respiration]. Journal of Health Sciences, 3(4), 335–348. [in Russian].
Lamberts, R. P., Maskell, S., Borresen, J., & Lambert, M. I. (2011).Adapting orkload improves the measurement of heart rate recovery. Int, J, SportsMed., 32(9), 698–702. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1275357.
Mourot, L., Bouhaddi, M., Tordi, N., Rouillon, J. D., & Regnard, J. (2004). Short- and long-term effectsof a single bout of exercise on heart rate variability: comparison between constant and interval training exercises. Eur J Appl Physiol, 92(4-5), 508–517. doi: 10.1007/s00421-004-1119-0.
Guzii, O. V., & Romanchuk, A. P. (2016). Chutlyvist arterialnoho barorefleksupry vidnovlenni orhanizmu pislia trenuvalnoho navantazhennia [Sensitivity of arterial barorefl ex in the terms of body recovery after training load]. Zaporozhye medical journal, 3(96), 24–29. doi: 10.14739/2310-1210.2016.3.76922.
(2013). The Complex Approachto a Multipurpose Estimation of a Sportsmen Condition. Polysystemic Approach to School, Sport and Environment Medicine, A.P. Romanchuk, M. Karganov (Eds), (P. 54–86). OMICS Groupe Books. doi: 10.4172/978-1-63278-000-3-001.
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
