Harmful working conditions as a risk factor for the development of occupational morbidity in auxiliary professions workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2019.2.161505Keywords:
risk factors, occupational diseases, harmful working conditions, indoor air pollutionAbstract
The purpose of the work was to assess the occupational health risk for workers exposed to harmful conditions at the auxiliary workshop.
Materials and methods. The hygienic assessment of working environment at 48 workplaces of mechanical shop turners was conducted. 611 researches of chemical and physical factors of the working environment and 448 analyses of workplace air for fine dust concentrations of PM4 and PM10 fractions were performed. Rates and patterns of the temporary work incapacity for 3 years were determined and indices of professional risk were calculated: the rate of disease (R), the relative risk (RR), the attributive risk (AR) and population attributable risk (PAR).
Results. According to the results of the obtained data, it was determined that working conditions of the mechanical shop workers corresponded to the grade 3 of the first degree of harmful exposure and were characterized by a moderate degree of anticipated occupational risk.
Morbidity rate with a temporary disability was 102.28 ± 8.09 cases and 1226.72 ± 100.3 days of disability per 100 workers, that was characterized as above the average and high according to the E. L. Notkin scale of temporary work disability rates. Respiratory, digestive, musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases accounted the largest share in the morbidity pattern.
Based on indices of occupational risk, it was found that the very high degree of work related pathology characterized respiratory diseases (RR = 8.89 at CI 95 %, 3.93–20.12), diseases of the ear and mastoid process (RR = 7.9 at CI 95 %, 1.45–43.16); high degree was typical for diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (RR = 3.16 at CI 95 %, 1.21–8.26), diseases of the eye and adnexa (RR = 2.43 at CI 95 %, 0.55–10.78); medium degree – infectious and parasitic diseases (RR = 1.98 at CI 95 %, 0.25–15.80), diseases of the genitourinary system (RR = 1.94 at CI 95 %, 0.89–4.26), diseases of the digestive system (RR = 1.68 at CI 95 %, 0.88–3.23), musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases (RR = 1.57 at CI 95 %, 0.82–3.00).
Conclusions. According to calculated occupational risk, the list of work related morbidity was identified for mechanical shop workers, in particular for turners. The proportion of diseases among the workers of mechanical shop (AR 54.66–89.92 %) exceeded the indicators in the control group (PAR 26.58–56.02 %), which confirms the influence of occupational hazards on the health of workers. The preventive measures aimed at reducing the risks of occupational diseases development in workers have been proposed.References
Bakirov, A. B., Mingazova, S. R., Karimova, L. K., Serebryakov, P. V., & Mukhammadieva, G. F. (2017). Kliniko-gigienicheskie aspekty riska razvitiya i progressirovaniya bronkholegochnoj patologii u rabotnikov razlichnykh otraslej e'konomiki pod vozdejstviem proizvodstvenykh faktorov riska [Risk of dust bronchopulmonary pathology development in workers employed in various economic brunches under impacts exerted by occupational risk factors: clinical and hygienic aspects]. Analiz riska zdorov´yu, 3, 83−91. [in Russian].
Shayakhmetov, S. F., Lisetskaya, L. G., & Merinov, A. V. (2015). Ocenka toksiko-pylevoho faktora v proizvodstve alyuminiya (analiticheskij obzor) [Evaluation of toxic dust factor in aluminium production (analytic review)]. Medicina truda i promyshlennaya e´kologiya, 4, 30−35. [in Russian].
Signorelli, S. S., & Ferrante, M. (2017). Environmental and occupational risk factors associated with different pathological conditions. Mol Med Rep., 15(5), 3315–3316. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6409
Campo, G., Papale, A., Baldasseroni, A., Di, L. G., Magna, B., Martini, B., & Mattioli, S. (2015). The surveillance of occupational diseases in Italy: the MALPROF system. Occupational Medicine, 65, 632–637. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv167
Zaitseva, N. V., Ustinova, O. Yu., Alexeev, V. B., Ulanova, T. S., Nosov, A. E., & Voznesenskiy, N. K. (2018). Osobennosti proizvodstvenno obuslovlenykh zabolevanij u shakhterov, zanyatykh podzemnoj dobychej khromovykh rud. [Features of work-related diseases in chrome ore miners]. Medicina truda i promyshlennaya e´kologiya, 1(13), 13−23. [in Russian].
Karabalin, S. K., Tojshibekova, Zh. P., Shametekov, I. M., et al. (2014). Ocenka riska razvitiya proizvodstvenno obuslovlennykh zabolevanij u rabochikh fosfornogo proizvodstva [Assessment of the risk of the development of the production-related diseases in the phosphorous production]. Medicina Kirgistana, 2, 137−140.
Bekmuhambetov, E. Zh., Mamyrbaev Arstan, A., & Dzharkenov, T. A. (2016). Gigienicheskaya ocenka uslovij truda pri proizvodstve ferrosplavov [Hygienic assessment of working conditions in the production of ferro-alloys]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 95(6), 545−548. [in Russian].
Atamanchuk, A. A. Aktual'nye problemy mediciny truda XXI veka – proizvodstvenno obuslovlennye zabolevaniya serdechno sosudistoj sistemy, vyzvanye vozdejstviem neblagopriyatnykh fizicheskikh faktorov [Actual problems of labor medicine of the XXI century – production-related diseases of the cardiovascular system, caused by the impact of unfavorable physical factors]. Aktual'naya biotekhnologiya, 3(10), 50−52. [in Russian].
Khrupachev, A. G., & Khadarceva, A. A. (2011). Professional'nyi risk. Teoriya i praktika rascheta [Professional risk. Theory and practice of calculation]. Tula [in Russian].
Li, L., Zhang, J., Qiu, W., Wang, J., & Fang, Yi. (2017). An Ensemble Spatiotemporal Model for Predicting PM2,5 Concentrations. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14(5), 549. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14050549
Prosviryakova, I. A., & Shevchuk, L. M. (2018). Gigienicheskaya ocenka soderzhaniya tverdykh chastic РМ10 i РМ2.5 v atmosfernom vozdukhe i riska dlia zdorovia zhytelei v zone vliyaniya vybrosov stacionarnykh istochnikov promyshlennykh predpriyatij [Hygienic assessment of the PM10 and PM2.5 particulate content in atmospheric air and the health risks of residents in the zone of influence of emissions from stationary sources of industrial enterprises]. Analiz riska zdorov'yu, 2, 14–22. doi: 10.21668/health.risk/2018.2.02. [in Russian].
Bogomolov, A. N., Zhukova, N. S., Azarov, D. V., & Khegai, D. S. (2016). Ocenka pylevogo faktora v vozdukhe rabochej zony na predpriyatiyakh po proizvodstvu mela [Assessment of dust factor in air of the working zone at the enterprises of chalk production]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitelnogo universiteta. Seriya: Stroitel'stvo i arhitektura, 43(62), 175–188. [in Russian].
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
