Remodeling of adipose tissue at experimental diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2013.4.16908Keywords:
fat tissue, diabetes mellitus, adipocyteAbstract
Introduction
Diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 is chronіc disease whith progressive selective destruction of β- cells pancreatic islets (of Langerhans) and whith development of absolute insulin failure. Active immune mechanisms take part in pathogenesis of this disease. Recently many publication appeared which report about the role of adipose tissue. In such way adipose tissue is not only the main metabolic regulator and endocrine organ synthesizing more than 30 regulatory proteins- adipokines, but it is one of the organs of immune system. Dysregulation of adipose tissue leads to morphological restructuring- remodeling of adipocytes, and the development of inflammation of adipose tissue in its turn is integral component of progression of many diseases.
The aim of research
The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and functional state of parapancreatic fibre adipocytes in male Wistar rats in experimental diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods
The study has been carried out on 20 male Wistar rats with weight 115-135 g. The animals were divided into 2 groups. The control group, which were injected 0,5 ml 0,1 М citrate buffer intraperitoneally (1group). Rats with 7 day experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus were in the 2nd group. Adipose tissue was examined on the seventh day. For histological examination sections were colored with haematoxylin and eosin. Images were taken by using a fluorescence microscope PrimoStar(ZEISS,Germany) with a computer-assisted video system AxioCam 5c (ZEISS,Germany) including the NIH-Image software (NIH Image version 1·46). All statistical analyses were performed using EXCEL MS Office 2010 (Microsoft Corp., USA), STATISTICA 6.0 (Stat-Soft, 2001) software. Results were expressed as mean values ± SEM. Differences were considered statistically significant if the p value was <0.05.
Results
Injection of streptozotocin to experimental animals led to the development of experimental diabetes mellitus. Development of diabetes was accompanied wish a reduction in the total number of adipocytes 34% (р<0,05) as compared to control group due to reducing number of fat cells of all classes. In turn, the level of glucose in patients with diabetes leads to changes in the ratio of visceral fat to subcutaneous fat. So, if untreated, the ratio was 0,29±0,15 (р<0,05), and the normalization of glucose levels led to the change of the index 0,36±0,18 (р<0,05).
Conclusions
It has been established that development of diabetes is accompanied by the decline of general amount of white fat cells in a parapancreatic cellulose on 34% (р<0,05) compared to control group.
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