Gender and age features of clinical and psychopathological phenomenology of depressive disorders in modern times

Authors

  • О. O. Belov National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine,
  • N. H. Pshuk National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine.,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2020.1.194592

Keywords:

depressive disorders, psychopathology

Abstract

 

The aim of the work was to study the gender and age features of the clinical and psychopathological phenomenology of depressive disorders at the present stage.

Materials and methods. In total, 107 men and 138 women with depressive disorders were clinically examined using M. Hamilton's Depression and Anxiety Scale, A. Beck's Depression Questionnaire, C. Spilberger's Scale of State and Trait Anxiety in Y. Hanin modification.

Results. It was found that men had higher rates of depression expressiveness on the M. Hamilton’s scale compared to women (21.3 ± 9.8 (19.0; 12.0–31.0) points versus 19.2 ± 9.9 (14.0; 11.0–29.0) points, P < 0.05, in particular, adynamic depression: 15.6 ± 7.0 (13.0; 9.0–22.0) points versus 13.9 ± 7.0 (11.0; 8.0–22.0) points, P < 0.05, and also on the A. Beck’s Depression Questionnaire: 34.9 ± 18.2 (34.0; 19.0–51.0) points versus 30.1 ± 18.8 (25.5; 14.0–48.0) points, P < 0.05, including indicators of cognitive-affective subcales: 22.3 ± 11.8 (22.0; 12.0–33.0) points versus 19.1 ± 12.2 (16.0; 8.0–29.0) points, P < 0.05. Women showed higher levels of anxiety 17.7 ± 9.4 (15.0; 10.0–25.0) points versus 15.0 ± 8.7 (12.0; 7.0–22.0) points, P < 0.01, including mental anxiety: 11.4 ± 5.1 (10.0; 7.0–16.0) points versus 9.9 ± 3.7 (9.0; 7.0–13.0) points, P < 0.05 and somatic anxiety: 6.3 ± 5.0 (4.5; 3.0–9.0) points versus 5.1 ± 5.5 (3.0; 1.0–8.0) points, P < 0.01. Women also had significantly higher state (43.0 ± 12.3 (42.0; 32.0–52.0) versus 39.1 ± 12.1 (36.0; 27.0–49.0), P < 0.01) and trait (42.6 ± 10.4 (43.0; 33.0–53.0 points) versus 39.1 ± 9.7 (36.0; 31.0–44.0) points, P < 0.05) anxiety. An analysis of age patterns revealed a gradual increase in depressive and anxiety manifestations with age, more pronounced in the age group over 45 years.

Conclusions. The data obtained allow us to conclude that there are gender and age features of clinical and psychopathological phenomenology of depressive disorders.

References

Chugunov, V. V., & Kireeva, E. N. (2014). Mediko-psikhologicheskie prediktory prodromal'nogo perioda povtornogo epizoda rekurrentnogo depressivnogo rasstroistva [Medical and psychological predictors of prodromal period of repeated episode of major depressive disorder]. Zaporozhye medical journal, 0(3), 71 76. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2014.3.26035 [in Russian].

Fekadu, N., Shibeshi, W., & Engidawork, E. (2017). Major Depressive Disorder: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management. Journal Of Depression And Anxiety, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-1044.1000255

Pshuk, N. G., Stukan, L. V., & Kaminska, A. O. (2018). Introducing system of psychotherapeutic intervention for family caregivers of patients with endogenous mental disorders. Wiości lekarskieadom, 71(5), 980 985.

Kessing, L., & Miskowiak, K. (2018). Does Cognitive Dysfunction in Bipolar Disorder Qualify as a Diagnostic Intermediate Phenotype? – A Perspective Paper. Frontiers In Psychiatry, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00490

Skrypnikov, A. M., Herasymenko, L. O., & Hryn, K. V. (2016). Vikovyi patomorfoz rekurentnykh depresyvnykh rozladiv [Age pathomorphosis of recurrent depressive disorders]. World of medicine and biology, 0(4), 64 66. [in Ukrainian].

Rakhman, L. V., & Markova, M. V. (2014). Clinical and therapeutic levels of pathomorphosis of treatment-resistant depression. Medical Psychology, 0(1), 36 40.

Al-Harbi, K. S. (2012). Treatment-resistant depression: therapeutic trends, challenges, and future directions. Patient Preference And Adherence, 6, 369 388. https://doi.org/10.2147/ppa.s29716

Rezunenko, O., Kozhyna, H., & Markova, M. (2701). Contents and efficiency measures of psychoeducation in rehabilitation system of patients with bipolar affective disorder. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 7(3), 711 715. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.830020

Hamilton, M. (9601). A rating scale for depression. Journal Of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 23, 56 62. http://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56

Hamilton, M. (1959). The assessment of anxiety states by rating. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 32, 50 55. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x

Beck, A., Ward, C., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An Inventory for Measuring Depression. 4(6), 561 571. http://doi.Archives Of General Psychiatry, org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004

Kirsheva, N. V., & Ryabchikova, N. V. (1995). Psikhologiya lichnosti : testy, oprosniki, metodiki [Personality psychology: tests, questionnaires, methods]. (pp. 71 74). Moscow: Gelikon. [in Russian].

Schuch, J., Roest, A., Nolen, W., Penninx, B., & de Jonge, P. (2014). Gender differences in major depressive disorder: Results from the Netherlands study of depression and anxiety. Journal Of Affective Disorders, 156, 156 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.12.011

Picco, L., Subramaniam, M., Abdin, E., Vaingankar, J., & Chong, S. (2017). Gender differences in major depressive disorder: findings from the Singapore Mental Health Study. Singapore Medical Journal, 58(11), 649 655. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2016144

Zuckerman, H., Pan, Z., Park, C., Brietzke, E., Musial, N., Shariq, A. S., Iacobucci, M., Yim, S. J., Lui, L. M. W., Rong, C., & McIntyre, R. S. (2018). Recognition and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder. Frontiers In Psychiatry, 9, 655. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00655

Downloads

How to Cite

1.
Belov ОO, Pshuk NH. Gender and age features of clinical and psychopathological phenomenology of depressive disorders in modern times. Zaporozhye Medical Journal [Internet]. 2020Feb.10 [cited 2024Nov.24];22(1). Available from: http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/194592

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 1 (2020)

Section

Original research

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.  Лицензия Creative Commons
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
    3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)