Obstetric and antenatal risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2020.3.204949Keywords:
obstetric and antenatal risk factors, fetal growth restriction, pregnancy, childbirthAbstract
The purpose of the work – to assess the characteristics of obstetric and antenatal history, the course of pregnancy and the state of newborns to determine the risk factors for intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis included 63 women who gave birth to children diagnosed with IUGR (main group) and 63 women who gave birth to children with normal anthropometric indices (control group). The data of family, obstetric and antenatal anamnesis were analyzed. The features of the pregnancy course and childbirth, the newborn state were determined.
Results. Among the identified obstetric risk factors, preeclampsia (31.75 %), anemia (36.50 %), and pregnancy-related acute respiratory viral infection or acute respiratory infection (33.33 %) are predominant. In women of the main group, the first pregnancy was more likely to occur in 35 (55.5 %, P < 0.05) and the first birth in 42 (66.7 %; P < 0.05) with the pregnancy term of 37 weeks (22.22 %) at the time of delivery and performing caesarean section (38.1 %). Important antenatal risk factors for IUGR were diagnosed with ultrasound IUGR or low weight (49.2 %), placental dysfunction with blood flow disorders (42.86 %) or without (28.57 %), malnutrition (28.57 %) and hypoplasia of the placenta (12.7 %). Among newborn babies, intrauterine reduction of weight and height indicators by the Ballard scale (88.88 %), reduced body weight between 1500 and2500 g, and also complications of the health state from the nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as congenital malformations of the fetus, were observed.
Conclusions. The data obtained have shown that intrauterine growth restriction may be indicative of a complex relationship between pathogenic changes, triggered by obstetric and antenatal risk factors, which generate synergies for pregnancy course and further child development when combined, promoting their health status violations attributed to the nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the formation of fetal malformations.
References
Gromova, A. M., & Berezhna, V. A. (2018). Etiolohichni ta patohenetychni aspekty zatrymky vnutrishnoutrobnoho rozvytku ploda [Etiological and pathogenetic aspects of intrauterine growth retardation]. Aktualni problemy suchasnoi medytsyny, 18(3), 301-307. [in Ukrainian].
Manandhar, T., Prashad, B., & Nath Pal, M. (2018). Risk Factors for Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Its Neonatal Outcome. Gynecology & Obstetrics, 8(2), Article 1000464. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0932.1000464
Ludvigsson, J. F., Lu, D., Hammarström, L., Cnattingius, S., & Fang, F. (2018). Small for gestational age and risk of childhood mortality: A Swedish population study. PLOS Medicine, 15(12), Article e1002717. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002717
Vijayaselvi, R., & Cherian, A. G. (2017). Risk assessment of intrauterine growth restriction. Current Medical Issues, 15(4), 262-266. https://doi.org/10.4103/cmi.cmi_76_17
Singh, A., & Ambujam, K. (2018). Maternal socio-demographic determinants and fetal outcome of intrauterine growth restriction. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 7(9), 3843-3847. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183805
Protopopova, N. V., Odareeva, E. V., & Bondarenko, N. N. (2012). Sostoyanie fetal'noi gemodinamiki i zakonomernosti ee izmenenii v usloviyakh antenatal'noi gipoksii i zaderzhki vnutriutrobnogo razvitiya ploda [Condition of the fetal hemodynamics and a mechanism of its change in conditions of antenatal hypoxia and intrauterine retention of the fetal growth]. Sibirskii meditsinskii zhurnal, (7), 39-42 [in Russian].
Likhachev, V. K, Taranovska, O. O., Semenyuk, L M., & Yaremchuk, L. V. (2014). Dynamika zmin oksydu azotu ta rozvytku hestatsiinoi endoteliopatii pry preeklampsii [Dynamics Nitric Oxide Changes and Development Gestacional Endothelial Dysfunction in Preeclampsia]. Visnyk problem biolohii i medytsyny, 3(3), 146-149. [in Ukrainian].
Salomon, L. J., Alfirevic, Z., Berghella, V., Bilardo, C., Hernandez-Andrade, E., Johnsen, S. L., Kalache, K., Leung, K.-Y., Malinger, G., Munoz, H., Prefumo, F., Toi, A., & Lee, W. (2011). Practice guidelines for performance of the routine mid-trimester fetal ultrasound scan. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 37(1), 116-126. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.8831
Guliyev, N. D., Garaeva, S. Z., Ragimova, Sh. D., & Veliyeva, G. M. (2015). Antenatal'nye faktory riska zaderzhki vnutriutrobnogo razvitiya rebenka [Antenatal risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction]. Rossiiskii vestnik perinatologii i pediatrii, 60(5), 51-54. [in Russian].
Phan Duy, A., El Khabbaz, F., Renolleau, C., Aberchich, J., Heneau, A., Pham, H., & Baud, O. (2013). Retard de croissance intra-utérin et cerveau en développement [Intrauterine growth retardation and the developing brain]. Archives de Pédiatrie, 20(9), 1034-1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2013.06.008 [in French].
Sawant, L. D., & Venkat, S. (2013). Comparative Analysis of Normal versus Fetal Growth Restriction in Pregnancy: The Significance of Maternal Body Mass Index, Nutritional Status, Anemia, and Ultrasonography Screening. International Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 2013, Article 671954. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/671954
Sharma, D., Shastri, S., & Sharma, P. (2016). Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Antenatal and Postnatal Aspects. Clinical Medicine Insights: Pediatrics, 10, 67-83. https://doi.org/10.4137/cmped.s40070
Al-Qashar, F., Sobaih, B., Shajira, E., Al Saif, S., Ahmed, I., Al-Shehri, H., Jabari, M., Al-Faris, A., Al-Sayed, M., Loaysobaih, & Ali, K. (2018). Impact of intrauterine growth restriction and birth weight on infant’s early childhood neurodevelopment outcome. Journal of Clinical Neonatology, 7(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4103/jcn.jcn_16_17
Simões, R., Bernardo, W. M., Salomão, A. J., & Baracat, E. C. (2016). Cesarean delivery and small newborn for gestational age. Revista Da Associação Médica Brasileira, 62(1), 16-20. https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.62.01.16
Jakó, M., Surányi, A., Kaizer, L., Németh, G., & Bártfai, G. (2019). Maternal Hematological Parameters and Placental and Umbilical Cord Histopathology in Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Medical Principles and Practice, 28(2), 101-108. https://doi.org/10.1159/000497240
Thorn, S., Rozance, P., Brown, L., & Hay, W. (2011). The Intrauterine Growth Restriction Phenotype: Fetal Adaptations and Potential Implications for Later Life Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, 29(3), 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1275516
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
