Monitoring and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 evolution

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.1.241658

Keywords:

COVID-19, SARS-COV-2, genetic variability

Abstract

The aim of the study – systematization and analysis of information on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus variants according to information databases and own cross-sectional studies.

Materials and methods. The analysis was conducted in the period 2020–2021 using information databases and research resources: Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scirus, Springer, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science. Our own examination included a total of 80 nasopharyngeal swabs (at least two specimens in each case) collected from ARVI symptomatic or suspected COVID-19 patients, who were treated at the MNE KRC “Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital” from June to October 2021 and tested positive on SARS-CoV-2. The first study was performed in the inter-peak period, and the second one – on the rise of the disease. A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used for primary identification with the diagnostic kit “Biocore® SARS-CoV-2” (LLC “Biocor Technology Ltd.”, Ukraine) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Multiplex analysis SNPsig® VariPLEX™ Covid-19 (Primerdesign™ Ltd., UK) was used in the first cross-sectional study for secondary identification.

Results. Systematization and analysis of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants according to information databases were performed. According to the results of our cross-sectional studies on SARS-CoV2 variants circulating in the Kharkiv region in June – October 2021, the complete replacement of the alpha variant, which was dominant in June – 87.5 %, with the delta variant – 95.0 %. All patients had signs of respiratory failure, community-acquired pneumonia was visualized instrumentally (computed tomography, radiography, ultrasound) at the first study in 90 % of cases, and at the second – in 100 %. The median age of patients was 60.4 years (minimum – 25 years, maximum – 91 years) during the first study, but during the second – 52.6 years (minimum – 18 years, maximum – 84 years). Thus, the more aggressive and contagious delta variant has become dominant requiring thorough public health anti-epidemic measures.

Conclusions. Monitoring and control of the virus evolution using epidemiological studies, viral genetic sequence, as well as laboratory PCR are necessary to prevent the spread of COVID-19, to study the effectiveness of test systems and optimize diagnosis and etiotropic therapy as well as vaccine modifications.

 

Author Biographies

V. V. Miasoiedov, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Vice-Rector for Research

P. V. Nartov, Municipal Nonprofit Enterprise of Kharkiv Regional Council “Regional Clinical Infectious Hospital”, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Director

K. V. Yurko, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases

V. M. Lesovoy, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Head of Academic Council, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Winner of the State Prize of Ukraine

V. A. Kapustnyk, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Rector, Honored Educator of Ukraine

A. V. Bondarenko, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases

M. Ye. Cherniak, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

PhD, Assistant of the Department of Community Health and Health Protection Management

V. A. Yakushchenko, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine

PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of General Pharmacy and Drug Safety, Institute for Advanced Training of Pharmacy Specialist (IATPS)

V. V. Kucheriavchenko, Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, DSc, Associate Professor of the Department of Emergency Medicine, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care

V. S. Maslova, Kharkiv Regional Council “Regional Clinical Infectious Hospital”, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Work of the Municipal Nonprofit Enterprise

O. V. Bondarenko, Kharkiv Regional Council “Regional Clinical Infectious Hospital”, Ukraine

MD, Head of the Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory of the Municipal Nonprofit Enterprise

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Published

2022-01-26

How to Cite

1.
Miasoiedov VV, Nartov PV, Yurko KV, Lesovoy VM, Kapustnyk VA, Bondarenko AV, Cherniak MY, Yakushchenko VA, Kucheriavchenko VV, Maslova VS, Bondarenko OV. Monitoring and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Zaporozhye medical journal [Internet]. 2022Jan.26 [cited 2024Apr.25];24(1):109-14. Available from: http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/241658

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022)

Section

Review

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