Effects of magnesium deficiency on stress manifestations in women of reproductive age with nonspecific vaginitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.5.252513Keywords:
nonspecific vaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, aerobic vaginitis, stress, magnesiumAbstract
Nonspecific vaginitis is one of the most common problems in women of reproductive age, which ranks first in the structure of gynecological diseases and tends to increase. It is known that one of the causes of nonspecific vaginitis is the chronic stress influence on a woman’s body. At the same time, not only the hormonal system changes, but there is also a deficiency of trace elements, especially magnesium.
Aim. To study the effect of magnesium preparations on the clinical manifestations of stress in the complex treatment of nonspecific vaginitis in women of reproductive age.
Materials and methods. 160 women were examined, who were divided into 2 clinical groups with subgroups: the main group – 94 (58.8 %) patients with nonspecific vaginitis, who received treatment according to developed clinical diagnostic algorithms and schemes. The comparison group included 66 (41.2 %) patients with nonspecific vaginitis, who received treatment according to known protocols. In the process of examining groups, the following methods of examination were used: general (collection of complaints and anamnesis, gynecological examination, assessment of microscopy of vaginal smears according to the Amsel, Nugent and Donders criteria), laboratory (serum levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol, magnesium), questioning, statistical.
Results. The use of magnesium preparation according to the scheme in the main group significantly reduced the symptoms of anxiety and depression, normalized the blood magnesium level in contrast to the comparison group (Р < 0.05).
Conclusions. In women of reproductive age, suffering from nonspecific vaginitis, who are constantly under the influence of stress factors, a deterioration in the psycho-emotional state is determined in the form of anxiety and depression of varying severity, as evidenced by the results of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In addition, in such women, there is an increase in the levels of stress hormones (adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol), a decrease in the blood magnesium level in contrast to the indicators in healthy individuals. The use of magnesium preparation according to the scheme in the complex treatment of nonspecific vaginitis in women of reproductive age with chronic stress normalizes the blood magnesium levels, significantly improves the psycho-emotional state, reduces the symptoms of anxiety and depression and significantly improves the direct results of treatment.
References
Ranjit, E., Raghubanshi, B. R., Maskey, S., & Parajuli, P. (2018). Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis and Its Association with Risk Factors among Nonpregnant Women: A Hospital Based Study. International journal of microbiology, 2018, 8349601. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8349601
Nikitina, I. M. (2017). Osoblyvosti biotsenozu ta funktsionalnoi aktyvnosti vahinalnoho epiteliu pry mistsevomu likuvanni nespetsyfichnoho vahinitu [Peculiarities of biocenosis and functional activity of vaginal epithelium in local treatment of nonspecific vaginitis]. Aktualni pytannia pediatrii, akusherstva ta hinekolohii, (2), 61-66. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.11603/24116-4944.2017.2.7865
Nasioudis, D., Linhares, I., Ledger, W., & Witkin, S. (2016). Bacterial vaginosis: a critical analysis of current knowledge. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 124(1), 61-69. http://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14209
Jayshree, R. S., & Kumar, R. V. (2019). Contribution of the Gut and Vaginal Microbiomes to Gynecological Cancers. In Preventive Oncology for the Gynecologist (pp. 399-416). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3438-2_31
Wang, W., Zhang, X. H., Li, M., Hao, C. H., & Liang, H. P. (2020). Association between Vaginal Infections and the Types and Viral Loads of Human Papillomavirus: A Clinical Study Based on 4,449 Cases of Gynecologic Outpatients. The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology, 2020, 9172908. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9172908
Vodstrcil, L. A., Muzny, C. A., Plummer, E. L., Sobel, J. D., & Bradshaw, C. S. (2021). Bacterial vaginosis: drivers of recurrence and challenges and opportunities in partner treatment. BMC medicine, 19(1), 194. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02077-3
Sherrard, J., Wilson, J., Donders, G., Mendling, W., & Jensen, J. S. (2018). 2018 European (IUSTI/WHO) International Union against sexually transmitted infections (IUSTI) World Health Organisation (WHO) guideline on the management of vaginal discharge. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 29(13), 1258-1272. http://doi.org/10.1177/0956462418785451
Abd El Aziz, M. A., Sharifipour, F., Abedi, P., Jahanfar, S., & Judge, H. M. (2019). Secnidazole for treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review. BMC women's health, 19(1), 121. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0822-2
Sonthalia, S., Aggarwal, P., Das, S., Sharma, P., Sharma, R., & Singh, S. (2020). Aerobic vaginitis - An underdiagnosed cause of vaginal discharge - Narrative review. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 31(11), 1018-1027. http://doi.org/10.1177/0956462420913435
Pochwat, B., Sowa-Kucma, M., Kotarska, K., Misztak, P., Nowak, G., & Szewczyk, B. (2014). Antidepressant-like activity of magnesium in the olfactory bulbectomy model is associated with the AMPA/BDNF pathway. Psychopharmacology, 232(2), 355-367. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-014-3671-6
Pickering, G., Mazur, A., Trousselard, M., Bienkowski, P., Yaltsewa, N., Amessou, M., & Pouteau, E. (2020). Magnesium Status and Stress: The Vicious Circle Concept Revisited. Nutrients, 12(12), 3672. http://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123672
Zheltova, A. A., Kharitonova, M. V., Iezhitsa, I. N., & Spasov, A. A. (2016). Magnesium deficiency and oxidative stress: an update. BioMedicine, 6(4), 8-14. http://doi.org/10.7603/s40681-016-0020-6
Boyle, N. B., Lawton, C., & Dye, L. (2017). The Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Subjective Anxiety and Stress-A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 9(5), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9050429
Moghadam, F. H., Tansaz, M., Aminimoghaddam, S., Hajimehdipoor, H., & Hosseini, H. (2021). Vaginitis: Etiology and Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Antioxidants Therapy. Reproductive Medicine International, 4(1). http://doi.org/10.23937/2643-4555/1710014
Muzny, C. A., Łaniewski, P., Schwebke, J. R., & Herbst-Kralovetz, M. M. (2019). Host-vaginal microbiota interactions in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 33(1), 59-65. http://doi.org/10.1097/qco.0000000000000620
Amabebe, E., & Anumba, D. (2018). Psychosocial Stress, Cortisol Levels, and Maintenance of Vaginal Health. Frontiers in endocrinology, 9, 568. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00568
Hruzevskiy, O. A., & Minukhin, V. V. (2020). The stress hormones effect on the progression of vaginal bacterial dysbiosis. Visnyk Vinnytskoho natsionalnoho medychnoho universytetu, 24(3), 455-459. https://doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2020-24(3)-14
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
