Influence of visual load on the functional, hydrodynamic and biomechanical indicators of eye in children with different types of optical correction of myopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2014.4.27314Keywords:
Myopia, Intraocular Pressure, Accommodation, ChildrenAbstract
Questions of preference one or another type of optical correction of myopia in terms of stabilization of progression of the disease in children remain the subject of discussions and require further research.
The aim of research - to examine the effect of visual load on parameters of ophthalmotone, biomechanical parameters and accommodative function of the eye in children with various types of optical correction of myopia.
Materials and methods. We examined 40 children with myopia from 0.75 to 4.5 dpt, aged 7-14 years. I monitoring group - 23 children (46 eyes) passed course of orthokeratology more than 4-6 months. II monitoring group - 17 children (34 eyes) used glasses for correction. Control group - 15 children (30 eyes) was with emmetropia without ophthalmic pathology. Before and after 30-minute visual load at the computer reserves of relative accommodation were determined, with the use of the Ocular Response Analyzer, corneal-compensated intraocular pressure and corneal hysteresis.
Results. Initial level of corneal-compensated intraocular pressure and corneal hysteresis in patients with myopia of both groups did not differ, however, in relation to emmetropic eye (a control group) it was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.0003). Corneal hysteresis index was also significantly different in patients with myopia than in children with emmetropia (p <0.01). The lowest values of the relative accommodation were revealed in patients of II monitoring group - 1,95 ± 0,06 dpt (p <0.01) and almost the same in patients of I monitoring group and in patients with emmetropia (3,45 ± 0,07 dpt and 3,52 ± 0,08 dpt, respectively, p> 0.05).
After 30-minute visual load indicators of corneal-compensated intraocular pressure and pressure by Goldman in patients of I monitoring group and control group have increased insignificantly and amounted 15,8 ± 0,4 mm Hg; 16,5 ± 0,5 mmHg and 13,3 ± 0,3 mmHg; 15,3 ± 0,8 mmHg respectively. In children of II monitoring group, with glasses correction in response to visual load corneal-compensated intraocular pressure, and the pressure by Goldman to 17,3 ± 0,47 mmHg and 17,9 ± 0,45 mmHg (p <0.01) increased. The response of corneoscleral capsule of eyeball on visual load at a short distance was also different in patients. Thus, in patients of I monitoring group corneal hysteresis difference was not reliable and averaged 12,8 ± 0,2 (p> 0.05). In children with emmetropic refraction corneal hysteresis value was also not significantly changed - 13,7 ± 0,3 (p> 0.05). Significant reduction of corneal hysteresis occurs in the control group I to 11,4 ± 0,26 mmHg (p = 0.02).
The stock of relative accommodation after visual load in patients of I monitoring group did not change significantly and amounted 3,25 ± 0,06 dpt (p> 0.05), as well as in the control group - 3,49 ± 0,07 dpt (p> 0.05). In patients of II monitoring group the stock of relative accommodation authentically decreased to 0,92 ± 0,06 dpt (p <0.05).
Conclusion. In patients using orthokeratology lenses, after visual load a significant increase of corneal-compensated intraocular pressure lowering of corneal hysteresis and the stock of relative accommodation is only observed in 27% of cases, unlike children using glasses for correction, which in 88.2% cases observed deviation of these parameters by 1.2 times of the original data.
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