Relationship between enamel resistance and physical properties of saliva in drug-addicted patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2023.2.273629Keywords:
dental caries, drug addiction, enamel resistance, salivaAbstract
Aim. To investigate the relationship between the physical properties of saliva and enamel resistance and caries intensity in drug-addicted patients.
Materials and methods. The study involved 70 patients, who were divided into three groups: the main group (1) – 28 drug addicts diagnosed with caries, the comparison group (2) – 22 patients with caries of dental hard tissues without a history of drug addiction, and the control group (3) – 20 persons without carious lesions of dental hard tissues. We examined the rate of salivation, which was calculated by the formula: Rs = V / T, pH of oral fluid using litmus test strips (Kelilong Instruments, China), structural and functional stability of tooth enamel by the express method TER-test (V. R. Okushko, L. I. Kosareva, 1983), clinically assessed the rate of mineralization according to the Clinical Assessment of the Rate of Enamel Remineralization-test (T. L. Redinova, V. K. Leontiev and G. D. Ovrutsky, 1982), dental caries intensity using the DMF index; the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) was used to assess of the dental hard tissues.
Results. In drug-addicted patients with caries of dental hard tissues, the slowest rate of salivation and significant changes in the oral fluid pH toward acidic were observed, namely 5.5 ± 0.09 units compared with patients of other groups. In drug addicts, the average TER-test score was 9.1 ± 0.4 points and was significantly higher than that in non-drug-addicted patients with dental caries (5.4 ± 0.2 points) and people without dental caries (1.9 ± 0.2 points). The Clinical Assessment of the Rate of Enamel Remineralization-test indicators of drug-addicted patients (6.1 ± 0.3 days) were also significantly higher than those of non-addicted and control group patients. The DMF index in drug-addicted patients was 16.4 ± 0.2 points showing a very high intensity of caries with a large proportion of deep carious lesions in the dental hard tissues.
Conclusions. In drug addicts, the study results have indicated a 23 % pH shift of the oral fluid toward acidic, and a 22 % decrease in the rate of saliva secretion has also been recorded compared to the healthy individuals. These results were associated with a 79 % decrease in the tooth enamel durability and a 66 % decrease in the remineralizing capacity of the oral fluid in drug addicts as compared to the healthy individuals. The DMF index of group 1 patients differed from that of group 2 patients by 50 % and from group 3 individuals – by 98 %. Drug-addicted patients had 78 % more carious lesions in the dentin compared to non-drug-addicted patients with dental caries.
References
State Institution «Institute of Psychiatry, Forensic Psychiatric Examination and Drug Monitoring of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine». (2021). Natsionalnyi Zvit shchodo narkotychnoi sytuatsii v Ukraini za 2021 rik (za danymy 2020 roku) [National Report on the Drug Situation in Ukraine for 2021 (according to 2020)]. https://cmhmda.org.ua/report/zvit-za-2021-rik/
Topchii, V. V., & Terpuhova, T. V. (2017). Kryminolohichna kharakterystyka ta zapobihannia narkotyzmu v Ukraini [Criminological characteristics and prevention of drug addiction in Ukraine]. Mizhnarodnyi yurydychnyi visnyk: aktualni problemy suchasnosti (teoriia ta praktyka), (4-5), 60-65. [in Ukrainian].
Herych, I. D., Iftodii, A. H., & Biltsan, O. V. (2015). Khirurhichni uskladnennia iniektsiinoi narkomanii: problemy ta osoblyvosti likuvannia: monohrafiia [Surgical complications of injection drug addiction: problems and features of treatment]. Chernivtsi: Bukrek [in Ukrainian].
Fedun, I. R., & Zubachyk, V. M. (2018). Struktura ta klinichna otsinka zakhvoriuvan tkanyn parodontu u narkozalezhnykh patsiientiv [Structure and clinical evaluation of periodontal diseases in drug addict patients]. World of Medicine and Biology, (3), 124-128 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.26724/2079-8334-2018-3-65-124-128
Fedun, I. R., Furdychko, A. I., Ilchyshyn, M. P., Baryliak, A. Ya., Han, I. V., & Vozny, O. V. (2020). Vplyv narkozalezhnosti na patolohiiu porozhnyny rota ta osoblyvosti nadannia stomatolohichnoi dopomohy narkozalezhnym khvorym [Influence of drug addiction on oral pathology and peculiarities of dental care for drug addicts (literature review)]. Zaporozhye medical journal, 22(6), 858-864 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2020.6.218473
Hossain, K. M. S., Kakoli, A. S., Mesbah, F. B, & Mian, A. H. (2018). Prevalence of Oral and Dental Diseases and Oral Hygiene Practices among Illicit Drug Abusers. Journal of Alcoholism & Drug Dependence, 06(01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6488.1000301
Owlia, F., Karbassi, M. H. A., Sadeghipour, M., & Behnia, A. (2017). Evaluating of cervical caries and periodontitis among drug abusers in an Iranian population. Annual Research and Review in Biology, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2017/31183
Yazdanian, M., Armoon, B., Noroozi, A., Mohammadi, R., Bayat, A. H., Ahounbar, E., Higgs, P., Nasab, H. S., Bayani, A., & Hemmat, M. (2020). Dental caries and periodontal disease among people who use drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC oral health, 20(1), 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-1010-3
Auger, N., Low, N., Lee, G., Ayoub, A., & Nicolau, B. (2020). Prenatal Substance Use Disorders and Dental Caries in Children. Journal of dental research, 99(4), 395-401. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034520906820
Malanchuk, V. O., Kopchak, A. V., & Brodetskyi, I. S. (2007). Klinichni osoblyvosti osteomiielitu shchelep u khvorykh z narkotychnoiu zalezhnistiu [Clinical features of osteomyelitis of the jaws in patients with drug addiction]. Ukrainskyi medychnyi chasopys, (4), 111-117. [in Ukrainian].
Chukhray, N. L., Mashkarynetz, O. O., Chemerys, O. M., & Musij-Sementsiv, Kh. H. (2019). Relationship between oral fluid pH, dental caries and enamel resistance in children. World of Medicine and Biology, (1), 107-111. https://doi.org/10.26724/2079-8334-2019-1-67-107
Kulygina, V. M., & Pylypiuk, O. Yu. (2016). Rezultaty vyvchennia kariiesspryiatlyvosti emali zubiv ta remineralizuiuchoho potentsialu zmishanoi slyny u ditei z yuvenilnym revmatoidnym artrytom [Results of the study of caries-susceptibility of the dental enamel and remineralizing potential of the mixed saliva in the children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis]. Visnyk problem biolohii i medytsyny, 3(2), 359-362. [in Ukrainian].
Melnik, V., Gorzov, L., Melnik, S., & Duganchik, Y. (2021). Otsinka karioznykh urazhen zubiv za kryteriiem indeksu ICDAS II [Assessment of dental carious lesions by ICDAS II]. Actual Problems of the Modern Medicine: Bulletin of Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy, 21(1), 76-80. [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.1.76
Dikmen B. (2015). Icdas II criteria (international caries detection and assessment system). Journal of Istanbul University Faculty of Dentistry, 49(3), 63-72. https://doi.org/10.17096/jiufd.38691
Kanehira, T., Takehara, J., Nakamura, K., Hongo, H., Miyake, R., & Takahashi, D. (2017). The ICDAS (International Caries Detection & Assessment System): a new set of caries assessment criteria. Journal of Dental Sciences, 38, 180-183.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)
