The review focuses on the laboratory and pathogenetic aspects of preeclampsia, one of the most clinically significant and life-threatening obstetric complications, characterized by multiorgan maternal dysfunction resulting from specific vascular and hemostatic changes.

The aim of the study was to review and critically analyze peer-reviewed publications on coagulation changes in preeclampsia in electronic scientometric databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.

Materials and methods. A search was conducted for scientific publications using the following queries: “preeclampsia hemostasis abnormalities”, “preeclampsia coagulation disorders pathogenesis”, “coagulation changes in pregnancy”, “preeclampsia mechanisms”, “preeclampsia epidemiology global prevalence”, “endothelial dysfunction and coagulation in preeclampsia”. A retrospective analysis of scientific literature from the past 7 years was conducted using searches in major scientometric databases. Following abstract screening and full-text review, 60 relevant publications were selected. Publication trends on key hemostasis parameters in preeclampsia were tracked in both English and Ukrainian literature, applying “systematic review” filters.

Results. The study revealed a consistent year-on-year increase in publications addressing these search terms across major scientific databases. Disorders of hemostasis play a pivotal role in preeclampsia pathogenesis; thus, evaluating key parameters (platelet count, fibrinogen levels, prothrombin time) enables elucidation of hypercoagulability mechanisms, quantification of endothelial injury, and identification of links between placental hypoperfusion, microthrombosis, and systemic hemostatic alterations. Diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia were established per leading international and Ukrainian guidelines. The analysis highlighted several unresolved challenges in investigating fibrinolysis and coagulation activation markers that warrant further comprehensive research.

Conclusions. Analysis of key parameters of hemostasis in preeclampsia facilitates understanding of its pathogenetic mechanisms, contributes to early diagnosis and risk stratification, and enables assessment of the risk of maternal and perinatal complications.