Особенности нарушений сердечного ритма и проводимости у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией

A. M. Vasylenko

doi:10.14739/2310-1210.2017.2.95557

Authors

A. M. Vasylenko Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of Health Ministry of Ukraine,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2017.2.95557

Keywords:

hypertension, arrhythmia, cardiac complexes, premature, atrial fibrillation

Abstract

Objective – to study features of cardiac rhythm disorders and conduction disturbances in patients with arterial hypertension.

Methods of the study. Under our observation there were 110 patients with first-third degree hypertension stage II, aged 38 to 72 years (mean age – 50.63 ± 1.34 years). The gender distribution of patients was as follows: 61 female (55 %) and 49 male patients (45 %). The control group comprised 30 healthy individuals, of whom 13 were male and 17 female (43 % and 57 % respectively) and whose mean age was 49.75 ± 1.83 years. Cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disorders were detected by means of Holter ECG. Statistical analysis was carried out on a personal computer, using such programs as Excel-7.0 (Microsoft Corp., USA) and «Statistica^® for Windows 6.0» (StatSoft Inc., License number AXXR712D833214FAN5) through parametric and nonparametric methods.

Results. Cardiac arrhythmias were found in 71 (65 %) patients with arterial hypertension and were characterized by the presence of supraventricular extrasystole in 43 (39 %) patients and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 10 (9 %) patients. Ventricular extrasystole and episodes of unstable ventricular tachycardia were diagnosed in 13 (12 %) and 5 (5 %) patients, respectively. In hypertensive patients supraventricular arrhythmias were detected in 2.8 times more likely (p < 0.01), and single ventricular premature beats – 6.2 times more likely (p <0.01) than the control group. It was found that in patients with moderate and severe hypertension observed a statistically significant increase in the number of single supraventricular and ventricular premature beats – 21.5 % (p < 0.05) and 29.6 % (p < 0.05) respectively, compared with the subgroup of mild hypertension.

Conclusions. Patients with arterial hypertension are characterized by a wide range of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, namely extrasystole, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia.

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