Dynamics of soft tissue thickness in the area of one-stage dental implantation with the use of a soft tissue cuff reinforced with bone graft material
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2024.6.310346Keywords:
one-stage dental implantation, soft tissues, Sensobone xenograft, free connective tissue autograftAbstract
Aim. The study aims to compare the dynamics of the increase in the thickness of soft tissues in the area of one-stage dental implantation after the use of a xenogenic collagen matrix and a soft tissue cuff reinforced with bone graft material (BGM).
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 51 patients who received one-stage dental implantation. Depending on the dental implantation technique, the patients were divided into two groups. The main group comprised 25 patients who after teeth extraction had their implants placed into a prepared socket preliminary filled with Sensobone xenograft, after which BGM was formed with the subsequent fixation of a temporary crown. The comparison group included 26 patients who after teeth extraction had their implants placed into a prepared socket preliminary filled with Sensobone xenograft, after which the soft tissue area was filled with Senobone xenograft, with the subsequent fixation of the temporary crown. The attached mucous membrane (AMM) thickness around the implant was measured before implantation and again after 3 months and one year (the distance from the top of the alveolar ridge center to the middle of the muco-gingival junction in the vestibular direction was measured with a periodontal probe). The results of the study were processed on a PC using the statistical package of the licensed software Statistica 13.0 (Copyright 1984–2018 TIBCO Software Inc. All rights reserved. License No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J).
Results. The thickness of the AMM around the one-stage dental implantation area before implantation and in the dynamics did not depend on the jaw in both groups. Before implantation, the lowest values of the AMM thickness in patients of both groups were registered in the area of the canine and the first molar. The AMM thickness did not depend on the age and sex of the patients, as well as on the type of teeth and jaws. The use of BGM in one-stage dental implantation provided a significant increase in the AMM thickness by 1.38 mm in 3 months after implantation, and by 1.45 mm in a year (the intergroup difference was 0.29 mm in 3 months and 0.32 mm in a year), and a significant increase in the AMM thickness on both jaws, by 1.36 mm on the upper jaw and 1.41 mm on the lower jaw in 3 months and by 1.44 mm on the upper jaw and by 1.5 mm on the lower jaw in a year (the intergroup difference was 0.32 mm on the upper jaw and 0.33 mm on the lower jaw in a year) as well as a significant increase in the AMM thickness in all teeth after a year of follow-up. There were no dental implant failures in both groups, and the survival rate of implants was 100 % one year after the placement.
Conclusions. The effectiveness of one-stage dental implantation is facilitated by the adequate AMM thickness provided by BGM.
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