The glucose-potassium ratio as a marker of adverse prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2025.1.320864Keywords:
chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, tubulointerstitial injury, glucose-potassium ratioAbstract
The glucose-potassium ratio (GPR) has previously proven its prognostic role in acute pathological conditions: ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, aortic aneurysm and dissection, myocardial infarction. However, changes in the serum GPR in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) remain unclear. It is known that tubulointerstitial injury occurs in patients with CHF. The renal tubulointerstitium plays a leading role in the reabsorption of glucose, potassium, and sodium. Therefore, impaired glucose-potassium ratio in patients with CHF is expected.
Aim. To examine changes in the glucose-potassium ratio in patients with ischemic HFpEF and to determine its impact on the short-term (1 year) prognosis.
Materials and methods. The study involved 57 patients (men – 43.9 % (n = 25); women – 56.1 % (n = 32)) with ischemic CHF, stage II A–B, NYHA FC II–IV, 49.1 % (n = 28) with sinus rhythm, and 50.9 % (n = 29) with atrial fibrillation (AF). Patients with sinus rhythm and AF were comparable in age (p = 0.968), height (p = 0.167), weight (p = 0.539), BMI (p = 0.774), body surface area (p = 0.296). The serum GPR was calculated as the serum glucose level divided by the serum potassium level. ROC analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed.
Results. According to the univariate regression model, an increase in the GPR above 1.1697 increased the number of adverse cardiovascular events by 11.15 times at the end of the 1st year of follow-up (95 % CI 1.33–93.50, p = 0.0048).
Conclusions. Chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction is accompanied by impaired tubulointerstitial function, which is confirmed by an increase in the glucose-potassium ratio, and its increase above 1.1697 (sensitivity 88.9 %, specificity 60.8 %) is associated with 11.15 times (p = 0.0048) higher odds ratio of adverse cardiovascular events within a year.
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