Immunological status features in patients with tuberculosis/HIV co-infection

Authors

  • R. M. Yasinskiy Zaporizhzhia State Medical University,
  • A. G. Makarovich Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical TB Dispensary of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council,
  • M. A. Arendaruk Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical TB Dispensary of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council,
  • O. G. Makarova Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical TB Dispensary of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2016.1.64163

Keywords:

Сoinfection Tuberculosis/HIV, CD4 -Lymphocyte Count

Abstract

 

Aim. Immunological status of the Tuberculosis/HIV co-infected patients determines course of the disease and treatment results.

Method and results. Immune status in 85 patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis at co-infection was studied. CD4+- lymphocytes level in 1 mсL of blood was determined with flow cytofluorimetry method.

It was found that in the most part of patients (57.4%) with newly diagnosed tuberculosis HIV and TB were diagnosed at the same time and only 11.1% of patients received antiretroviral therapy before TB diagnostics. In 39.1 % of cases with newly diagnosed tuberculosis at HIV length of the period of HIV-positive status official registration was up to 1 year. CD4+-lymphocytes level was less than 200 cells/mcl in 62.9% of cases, and less than 50 cells/mcL - in 38.9%.

This indicated a low level of active HIV detection among population and late start of the treatment.

The number of patients with tuberculosis relapses at HIV in the deep immunosuppression stage was less (51.6%, only in 19.3% of whom CD4+-lymphocytes quantity was less than 50 cells/mcL) than that one at newly diagnosed tuberculosis at HIV. It can be explained by much greater percentage of HIV-positive status detection before tuberculosis relapse diagnosis (in 70.9% and 86.4% of patients suffered from HIV for more than 1 year) and more frequent and timely antiretroviral therapy appointment, that was assigned to 31.5% of patients.

Conclusion. Frequency of such clinical forms as infiltrative and disseminated TB statistically significantly increased in co-infected patients with a decrease of the number of CD4+-lymphocytes

References

Khaertynova, I. M., Valiev, R. Sh., Cibul'kin, A. P., Valiev, N. R., Khamzina, R. V., Lazarenko, O. G., & Romanenko, S. E′. (2009). Kliniko-immunologicheskie osobennosti VICH-infekcii, sochetannoj s tuberkulezom [Clinical and immunological features of HIV infection, combined with tuberculosis]. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh, 86(6), 41–46. [in Russian].

Khaertynova, I. M., Valiev, R. Sh., Romanenko, O. M., Khamzina, R. V., Valiev, N. R., Nasreeva, N. M., & Fajzutdinova, G. N. (2005). Kliniko-immunologicheskie osobennosti techeniya tuberkuleza v sochetanii s VICH-infekciej [Clinical and immunological features of the course of tuberculosis combined with HIV infection]. Problemy tuberkuleza i boleznej legkih, 10, 31–34. [in Russian].

Diedrich, C. R., & Flynn, J. L. (2011). HIV-1/Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection immunology: how does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis? Infect. Immun., 79(4), 1407–1417. doi:10.1128/IAI.01126-10.

Musa, B. M., Musa, B., Muhammed, H., Ibrahim, N., & Musa, A. G. (2015). Incidence of tuberculosis and immunological profile of TB/HIV co-infected patients in Nigeria. Ann. Thorac. Med., 10, 185–192. doi: 10.4103/1817-1737.160838.

Liqidi, T., Gebre-Selassie, S., & Tseqaye, A. (2011). The immunological status of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 in Adama Hospital, Ethiopia. Ethiop. Med. J., 49, 75–83.

Sullivana, Z. A., Wonga, E. B., Ndung'ua, T., Kasprowicza, V. O., & Bishaia, W. R. (2015). Latent and active tuberculosis infection increase immune activation in individuals co-infected with HIV. EBioMedicine, 2(4), 334–340. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.03.005.

Assefa, A., Gelaw, B., Getnet, G., & Yitayew, G. (2014). The effect of incident tuberculosis on immunological response of HIV patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy at the university of Gondar hospital, northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study. BMC Infectious diseases, 14, 468. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-468.

Wondimeneh, Y., Muluye, D., & Belyhum, Y. (2012). Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and immunological profile of HIV co-infected patients in northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res. Notes., 5, 331. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-331.

How to Cite

1.
Yasinskiy RM, Makarovich AG, Arendaruk MA, Makarova OG. Immunological status features in patients with tuberculosis/HIV co-infection. Zaporozhye Medical Journal [Internet]. 2016Mar.25 [cited 2024Dec.23];18(1). Available from: http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/64163

Issue

Section

Original research